Machine and method for making knock-down boxes



July 26, 1938. s. BERGSTEIN MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING KNOCK-DOWNBOXES l0 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 8, 1937 INVENTOR. $444054 BL'AGSrev/v. M 4% IATTQRNEYLS.

July 26, 1938. s. BERGSTEIN MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING KNOCK-DOWNBOXES Filed May 8, 1957 10 Sheets-Sheet 2 I NVENTOR.

514M054 BERGS TE/M July 26, 1938. s. BERGSTEIN MACHINE AND METHOD FORMAKING KNOCK-DOWN BOXES Filed May 8, 1937 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR.

' SAMUEL .BEKGSTE/N. 4% ATTORNEYAS.

July 26, 1938. s. BERG-STEIN 2,125,147

MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING KNOCK-DOWN BOXES Filed May 8, 1937 10Sheets-Sheet 5 7? g. 59 INVENTOR. 2 5; L U f? SAMUEL BEEGSTEIN.

' MQLM ATTORNEYS,

July 26, 1938.. s. BERGSTEIN MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING KNOCK-DOWNBOXES Filed May 8, 1937 10 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTQR. 5444051. .BE'RGSTE/N.

ATTORNEYS.

July 26, 1938. s. BERGSTEIN MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING KNOCK-DOWNBOXES Filed May 8, 1937 10 Shee'ts-Sheet 7 INVENTOR. SAMUEL .BEEGS rem.

ATTORNEYoS.

July 26, 1938. s. BERGSTEIN MACHINE AND METHOD FORMAKING' KNOCK-DOWNBOXES Filed May 8, 1957 10 Sheets-Sheet 8 NN Q 1N VENTOR.

s m A W July 26, 1938. s. BERGSTEIN 2,125,147

MACHINE AND METHOD, FOR MAKING KNOCK-DOWN BOXES Filed May 8, 1937 10Sheets-Sheet 9 SAMUEL Bzlaqsrn/v.

m' ATTORNEYS.

July 26, 1938. s. BERGSTEIN MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING. KNOCK-DOWNBOXES Filed May 8, 1957 10 Sheets-Sheet l0 m E W rm ATTORNEYS- PatentedJuly 26, 1938 onto n motion FOR M -oon-nown oxes Samuel hergstein,dincinmatl, Ohio, assignor Edna May Bernstein and. Robert MorrisBergstein, ss thirteen Application lliay ii, i937, Serial No. minor Myinvention manuiscture or board bores lit ills-tints.

relates to improvements in the certain types of paper or paper which canbe manufactured and shipped in list or kneels-down form, and latererected at point oi use.

box with which my invention is The particular type of concerned is knowncommercially as an extension edge box, that is a box in which the edgesof the main body side-walls of the box. of the box. in my 00- 59,423,filed January id, 1936, of which this application is a continuation inpart, I-

panel with side walls medium or intermediate panels.

have disclosed structures adaptable to this purpose, such boxes beingformed 115 from out and creased blanks having a main body articulated toit through the The intermediate panels are secured to the-correspondingportions of the edges of the mainbody panel, so

that when the box is set up or erecte d it will have double-ply edgesextending beyond the side wells,

or beyond the inner area of the box.

In order to provide a box of this nature which can be set up or erectcdrapidly,

as preferred structure for fastening i provide in my corner ,ilapsarticulated to one pair oi": walls to reversely folded marginal portionswalls, so'that the simple operation lifting up one pair of side-wallswill simultaneoi the remaining pair of of raising or so ously cause theother pair of walls to lift also,

and to cause'the corner ilaps to move into supportingl'positlon, the boxbeing to receive contents.

thereupon ready It is my primary object to provide a machine which willprovide for conveying a succession of blanks, performing a succession ofoperations upon each blank speed, so as to produce a box of with greataccuracy and at high the type described in a flat or knock-down iormready for shipment.

Inmy co-pending application, 129,900 filed March 9th, 1937, I

certain improvements Serial Number have described in mechanism for usein carrying out the folding operations incident to the operation ofreversely folding the triangular marginal portions of one walls, thesaid improvements being connection with a machine for forming a boxwithout an extension edge thereon.

the machine of .provements may be employed in my present invention.

I have also devised folding boxes similar to those mechanisms pair ofopposite side described in These imfor forming in which my presentmachine'is designed, but without the extension 5 edge as described inUnited States L otters Patent (@l. Sill) No. 1,9263%, grant/ed hepieinher iith, loll-3, No. Lilli lot, granted September 25th, wi l,

As compared to the mechanisms of my said so pending application and mytwo Letters Potent, my present machine must moire provision for adiderent mode of operation ina number oi re spects-because the lines ofarticulation oi the corner flaps are not in client in the ec tion ofmotion withthe line of articulation oi the side-wall panel therebetween,these hops and m the side wall panel must be folded independently; alsoit is necessary to form four additional seam areas which mustbe securedwhilethe blanis is travelling, and it is for these reasons and otherswhich willbecome apparent as the description w proceeds, that my presentmechanism must pro vide for a diilerent mode oi operation-in manyrespects, as stated.

My mechanism may sion edge boxes having each other at the corners inways other than the type described above, and to extension edge boxes inwhich the side walls are designed to be secured to one another at thecorners by frictional or in terlocking engagement between cornerportions as w the walls are erected.

It will be simpler to describe the special objects of the inventionafter a description oi? the several forms of blanks and foldingmanipulations has been set forth, it being noted that my inso ventionhas both mechanical and method aspects, and that the invention involvedin the same will beset forth in the claims following the specification.

' In the drawings:

Figure lis a side elevation showing a preferred mechanism whereby theinitial folding and gluing operations may be performed.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation showing the mechanism for forming theconcluding folding and gluso ing operations.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detailed plan View taken along line 3 of Fig. 1,showing the triangular flap folding apparatus and means for separatingthe side walls and end flaps of the box.

Fig. i is a sectional side elevation taken along the line t-t of Fig. 3.

Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively a plan view and side elevation of amodified means for separating the side wallsand flaps of the box.

Fig. 7 is a section taken along line Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a plan view taken along line t of Fig. 1, showing a preferreddevice for folding in also be adapted. to ententhe side walls secured tomy the side walls and for maintaining the diagonal flaps in folded overposition.

Fig. 9 is a'seotion taken along line 99 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged detailed plan view taken along line it of Fig. 2showing mechanism used in the second stage of operations.

Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the sequence of operations performed in theformation of a cer taintype of folding box. by use of the mechanismillustrated in Figs. 1 to 10 inclusive.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the box illustrated in Fig. 11 afterbeing erected.

Fig. 13 is a perspective of a glue wheel used in the second formingoperation.

Fig. 14 is a diagram showing a second method 'or sequence of forming thebox of Fig.12.

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary perspective of apparatus used in the sequenceof Fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating a third method or sequence of formingthe box of Fig. 12.

Fig. 17 is a side elevation showing mechanism employed in the sequenceof Fig; 16.

Fig. 18 is a diagram showing steps in forming from a blank another orsecond type of box.

Fig. 19 is a perspective of this second type of box in partly erectedcondition.

Fig. 20 is a diagram showing an alternative method or sequence ofoperations for forming the box of Fig. 19.

Fig. 21 is a side elevation of mechanism employed in the method orsequence of Fig. 20.

Fig. 22 is a diagram showing the operations of forming a third type ofbox. This box is similar to the box of Fig. 19, but having corner fiapsattached to one pair of walls adl esively joined to the opposite pair ofwalls.

Fig. 23 is a perspective view showing a box formed in accordance withFig. 22, inthe act oi being erected.

Fig. 24 is. a. diagram showing an alternative .method or sequence ofsteps for forming the box of Fig. 23.

Fig. 25 is'a fragmentary perspective showing apparatus employed in themethod of Fig. 24.

Referring first to Fig. 11, I show a blank having a main body portion I,side walls 2, .2 and end walls 3, 3. The blank has score lines 2a, 2a,which define what will be the outer area of the main body panel of thebox when it is completed,

and there are additional score lines 2b, 2b, which will be the ultimatebase of the side walls and which will define .the inner area of the boxwhen it is completed. The space between the score lines 2a and 217 ateach side of the box will in the completed box be the dimension of theextended edge whereby the main body panel projects from the side wallsof the finished structure. There are also score lines definingtriangular portions 20 and 2d, at the ends of each side wall, the fiaps20 being the forward ones and the flaps 2d the rearward ones as theblank moves through the initial stages of folding and gluing. The endhave score lines 3a which define the ultiwalls 3 mate base of the endsof the box and the score, lines 3b which define the ultimate margins ofthe ends of the box, the space between the lines 3:: and 3b4iefining asin the case of the side walls, the extension edges at the ends of thebox. In other words, the lines 32) and 2b define the inner area of thebox when folded, and the lines 3a and 2a define the outer area of thebox when folded. It is understood that the terms sidewalls and end-wallsare used here and throughout the description for the sake of clarity andwithout reference to of the walls.

The end walls have corner flaps 30 which in the ultimate structure willbe adhesi vely secured to the triangular portions 20, 2d.

.The above description applies to the blank as shown at the right markedA. I have marked A, B, C, D, E and F, the diagrams in Fig. 11, showingthe several stages in the operation of folding and gluing the structure,it being understood that according to my practice the folding and gluingoperations the relative dimensions are performed on the blank while itis moving.

Stage A inthis particular practice consists of applying adhesive to theextension edge areas in bands =8, or to the corresponding portions ofthe main body panel, or both.

The operations to bring the blank to the illustrated stage B, consistsof folding under or to a position against the outer surface of the sidewalls of the flaps 2c and 2d, the.operation requiring turning the'fiaps2c rearwardly of the moving blank but turning the fiaps 2d forwardly ofthe moving blank. The glue strips Q, t will have an opportunity to drysomewhat during the flap turning operation.

At stage C, the blank will be folded so that the flaps 3c are turnedinwardly, overlying the main end wall panels of the blank, and at stageD the side walls are turned overlying the blank along the score lines2a, thus bringing the triangular portions 20 and 2d uppermost again. Itwill be noted of this operation that the line of fold along the lines20., is in a different vertical plane than the score lines defining theflaps 30 on the end walls, hence the flaps 3c are kept 'out of the wayduring this folding operation, this being one of the features of mymechanism and accomplished in this instance by selectively folding themover before folding the side walls. Also it will be noted that theadhesive juncture of the panel between the score lines 2a and 22) willrequire, in order that it will not immediately spring apart after thefolding over operation, that some means must be provided for applyingpressure to the overlying parts.

hand end of Fig; 11, generally It will be noted that the seam portionsmust be caused to adhere rapidly because of subsequent operations to beperformed on the blank; it is further to be noted that this requires theindividual application of pressure to each blank, and that a uniformpressure roller under which the blanks pass would not accomplish thisresult because of the greater number of thicknesses of.

board that are folded onsthe inner area of the blank, as compared to\the two thicknesses that define the extendingYf-edge between which twothicknesses adhesion is desired. I therefore provide localized pressuremeans confined to the folded area with adhesive therebetween, positionedso that these means do not bear on theactual line of fold itself, aspressure upon this actual line 01 fold would tend to crack it or splitit, making the box unsightly.

The sequence of operations in stage D and stage C as illustrated, may bereversed, provided tion of. the main body panel or both. This ad-'hesive application is accomplished preferably under, and at stationturned inwardly over of the moving blank being is illustrated in Fig.16.

' walls 6, ii and end walls I, l.

after the orientation of the blank with respect to its direction ofmotion has been changed. Instead of applying the adhesive to the areas302, it could be applied to the triangular flaps 2e and 2d at each sideof the carton.

The final stage P, shows the portions then at the sides of the movingblank in the direction of motion, but formerly at the front and backthereof folded in along the lines 3a to form the com pleted blankwherein the and 2d are adhesivcly joined to the flaps 3c and theextension edge panel, at, what is now the sides formed, and caused toadhere to the corresponding portion of the main body panel. Again, it isnecessary to pro" vide for a proper application of pressure to the saidextending edges. The completed box as Shown in 12 is erected by liftingupwardly on the one pair'of walls 3 of the structure as shown in Fig. F,whereupon the opposite walls will lift and the corner flaps of thestructure will move into reenforcing position, the portions oi the endflaps to which are not attached to the diagonal flaps swinging acrossthe bottom of the box structure, and serving to hold the side walls andcorners erect because of their engagement with the bottom i of the box.

. I have shown'in Fig. la, a series of steps in" connection withapplying adhesive in the initial stage A in Fig. 11. The stations aremarked A-l to i i-- 1 inclusive, and show more particularly the act offlap selection at station A-i, the end panel flaps to are turneddownwardly, perrnitting continuously actingglue wheels to apply theadhesive bands t, without coating the said flaps as at stage A--il. 'Atstage 3c are permitted to return to original positions. At stage A-'-tthe triangular flaps are folded under, this being. an alternativepractice to that of Another practice with the same object in view Hereat stage A-l, the flaps 3c are folded inwardly over the end panels asthe initial operation. 'While'they are out of the'way continuous gluewheels will apply the adhesive 'bands Mi as at station A-2. At stationA3, the diagonal tabs 2c and 2d are turned A-'- l the side panels arethe main body panel.

In Fig. 18, I have illustrated another form of box, this time one whichis not adhesively joined .at the'corners but which can be set up to forman extension'edge box. In this instance the main body 5 of the blankshown at the right has side It should be noted that in none of thedescription are sides and ends used as having any particularsignificance except for convenience of description, because the boxescan be absolutely square with no distinction in dimension between thesides and ends thereof. In the particular instance the walls ii. 6 aretermed side walls of the blank because they are at the sides during theinitial folding and gluing operation. The front and back walls l haveend flaps la and the side walls t, t have vided for folding over flapsla in setting up the box as will be described. There are score lines lband lo, defining the extension edge zone at the front and rear of theblank, and score lines 6b and be defining the extension edge zone at thetwo sides of the blank. The flaps 6 also have score lines to defining anarrow end panel to fold outwardly against the bottom of the box, whenthe triangular flaps to (stage B).

walls 8 are bent over and tucked in in the act I of erecting the same.

A8 in the instance of the first blank, the score lines defining theflaps la and the score lines 811 and 6c, are each in a differentvertical plane. In the operation of forming this box, box from thisblank.

The blank as now described moved forward in the direction shown, panel 6is depressed somewhat by guiding means so that the flaps to which areconnected by in Figure 18 is I form the and the scores which are inalignment in the direction of motion, can be folded over on the panelsto which they are attached, 7 Thereafter these flaps are held in foldeddown condition, and adhesive is applied as indicated at t on theextension edge zone, or on the correas indicated at stage A..

spending portion oi the main body panel, or both The extending panels tare thereafter folded inwardly along line 6b, leaving the blank incondition as shown at stage C. Pressure is then applied to secure theadhesive areas, thus completing the initial stage in forming of the box;

The blank is then delivered to conveying mechanism which will convey itin a difi'erentv orientation to its line of movement to facilitatefolding operations at what were of the moving blank that are now theside edges of the moving blank. To bring the blank to the conditionshown at D, in Fig. 18, adhesive is supplied in the zones 9 as definedby the score lines lb and lo. The final operation which consists ofiolding the sides 71 of the moving blank inwardly over the blank andapplying pressure over the extension edge zone, along the sides of theblank, brings the same to the condition shown at E in Fig. 18.

To erect the box the flaps la turned in at right anglesthereupon and thewalls t folded up and then tucked down inside the box with the endportions defined by the fold line be laid against the bottom of the box,as shown in Fig. 19.

Instead of proceeding as in Fig. 18, the box of Fig. 19 can be rxiadc byreversing the initial and secondary directions of motion of the blank'inrelation to its travel. Thus in Fig. 20 is shown an alternative. Thus atstage ii-l, the blank has adhesive applied to it along the lateralextension edge zone defined by the scores lb and 1c at each side. of theblank. At stage B-l the two flaps la, which as the blank is movingextend from side panels of the moving blank, are turned over, theleading flaps by a simple folding operation and the rearward ones by anoperation in which the flaps are laid over in the direction ofadditional panels attached thereto which are proand at stage D nadhesive is applied to what is now the extension edge zones along thesides of the moving blank. Finally at stage E-l the panels ii are foldedover on the score lines Eb, Be, again requiring selective pressure tosecure the adhesion at the extension edge zone. V

As illustrated in Fig. 18, I prefer to turn the corner flaps la inwardlyupon the side walls i because with this procedure a continuous gluewheel maybe used and the box after completion the front and back edgestill lit

applied to corresponding .panel in addition, or the triangular adhesiveareas in its knock down form is more convenient for shipping and settingup. It is to be noted however, that the box may be formed withoutturning the flaps la at any stage of the operation. This would ofcourse, require a timed glue wheel and selective folding of the sidewalls 6. The knock down box thus formed would be as seen at stage E,Fig. 18, but, with the flaps la extending outward somewhat beyond themain body panel of the box. In regard to the procedure and orientationof the blank as illustrated in Fig. 20, it is not imperative that theflaps 'ia be turned over against the panels l in the initial directionof travel. However, if the flaps la are not turned or folded in thisinitial travel it will be necessary to employ selective folding of theflaps la and walls 6 before applying the adhesive in the seconddirection of travel. A. means by which this may be accomplished isillustrated in Fig. 25 and will be later described.

Referring now to the blank shown in Fig. 22, the body of the blank isindicated at it, having sides H and ends H. The corner flaps articulatedto sides H are divided by a diagonal crease line Ila, defining onetriangular portion of said flaps which is deslgnatfd as lib. Theextension edge panels lie and 2c are defined by crease lines as in .theprevious blanks, while the end walls l2 have additional panelsarticulated thereto, which are designed to be folded to overlappedposition when erecting the box, to hold it in erect condition.

Two steps are necessary to bring the blank to the condition illustratedat diagram B. One of these consists of folding back the end flaps alongscore lines lid, which may be accompllshed'by a ribbed and pocketedmechanism with the ribs parallel to fold lines lid, that is a mechanismsimilar to that previously described but not operating angularly inregard to the blank. The other step is the extension edge panels lic, orto the corresponding portion of the main body panel, or both, and as atB the adhesive is shown applied in this instance to the extension edgepanel alone.

To bring the blank to the condition illustrated at stage C, the sidepanels ll are folded to overlie the main body panel, as described inprevious instances, and individual pressure is applied to the portionsof the blank with adhesive therebetween, to effect adhesiontherebetween. As these sides II are folded over, the end flaps areretained in folded back condition, as illustrated. This completes theoperations in the initial direction of travel and the blank is ready forthe next operation while moving with its orientation to the line oftravel shifted to bring the portions I2 to the sides of the movingblank.

The next stage D, shows the application of adhesive to the" extensionedge panels on the ends of the box, and also triangular portions ofadhesive applied as indicated at 82d. Here again the adhesive on thezones |2d might have been portion of main body l2d might have beenapplied to panels lid. which are the correspondingmeeting surfaces ofthese triangular portions when the end walls are folded over asillustrated in the next stage E.

As shown in stage E, the end panels have now been folded over andpressure applied to cause adherence of the extension panels, and alsopressure to cause adherence between the end panels where the glueapplication has been indicated,

and panels I lb.

application of adhesive to the Toerect the blank, the sides are raised,which serves to also lift the end panels back into an upright position,by causing a fold along score lines i-ld, as illustrated in Fig. 23. iThe extending end panels I! are now folded down over these triangularportions, bringing flaps I20; into frictional contact with the bottom ofthe box, and retaining the box thereby in erect condition ready for use.

It is to be noted that in the foregoing description of Fig. 23 thatselective folding of the corner flaps and panels I2 is not readilyapparent. However, as the corner flaps are folded in the first directionof motion, and the panels l2-are folded in the second direction ofmotion, a selectlve folding of these members is therefore accomplishedalong their individual score lines.

Another way of making the box of Fig. 23,

' which involves a diiferent mode of selecting flaps,

to the exclusion of others extending in the same lateral zone, butrequiring a folding on a difierent line, is shown in Fig. 24.

In this example, (Fig. 24), I have shown the blank oriented at the startin the same way as in Fig. 22. At stage A, the blank is the same. Atstage Bi the adhesive has been applied along the extension edge zone atthe sides of the blank. At stage C--! the side panels have been foldedover and caused to adhere at the extension edges, but without anyoperation on the terminal flaps or portions of the side panels. Thisbrings the blank to a point for change of orientation to path of travel.i

In the new path of travel, the first operation is to deflect downwardlythe flaps l2, l2, removing them from the path of deflectors which engageunder and turn inwardly the flaps l3 on the lines Ild. This brings theoperation to stage corresponding portions of the side walls, adjacentthe line of fold. and thereafter forming a two-ply extending edge on allfour sides of the main body portion. Also incident to the operations isthe necessity of folding over extending portions of the blank alongmargins independent of folds made on otherportions projecting from themargins, certain of said lines of fold defining edges of the inner areaof the folded box, and other lines of fold defining the edges of theouter area of the folded box. In common with the practices of myco-pending application and my two previous patents, in some at least ofthe indicated practices, it is necessary to reversely fold certainportions of the sides of a moving blank and then fold the entire sidesinwardly to form the double ply extension edge portion. As has beennoted, the presence of various thicknesses of material except at themarginal portions of the blank, requires the provision of means to applypressure selectively to these marginal portions. Among other things, Imay employ heaters for partially drying the adhesive before applyingpressure, because it will be necessary in the operation to make theextension edge portions of the blank positively adherent before thecompleted struc- Thereupon the flaps l2 are permitted to i trative of myinvention, I

therewith if desired.

2,125, ture is delivered from the machine, since in every instance thearea defined by the extending edges around the inner .area of the boxhas but two plies or thick esses, while within the inner area there areper ions with three or more plies or thicknesses, it is obvious that bythe practice now imuse of depositing folded blanks with ad-- hesivetherebetween in lapped or piled condition between conveyor pressurebelts, for efiecting adheslon that such pressure would be concentratedwithin the inner area or the tolded blank particularly where thegreatest number of thicknesses are in overlapped relation, without anypressure whatever on the extending edges of the box where it isessential for adhesion to take edect. 1

I am not aware of anyone previously having provided mechanism capable o1forming seams between all four edges of the main body panel of a blankandthe corresponding side wall portions, with incidental folding andadhering of corner portions being accomplished simultaneously Also, sofar as I know, no one has previously eflected the iniolding of portionsextending laterally from a travelling blank, along separate and distinctlines or fold, certain oi said lines of fold defining the edges of theouterarea of the blank, and certain other of said lines of fold definingthe edges of the inner area. i said blank. 1

Referring now to the mechanical device, illushave not attempted, to showin great detail the frame-work and driving connections, particularlywhere these have been shown in my co-pending application, Serial No.129,900, to which reierence is hereby made.

Referring to Fig. l, a series of blanks 20 are delivered by aieedmechanism indicated generally at iii, to a, pair'of endless reed chains2?, having pins 23 thereon to engage the rearmost edges of the blanks,and carry them one at a time in spaced relation through the severalmanipulations that have been described. In addition, as shown in myco-pending application, Serial No; 129,900, I will employ positivelydriven friction feed devices it to efiect a more positive gripping ofthe blank across its median portions as it is fed along than will beprovided by the feed chains 22, and abutments 2i. I

in my preferred operation, the blank is advanced, adhesive being appliedto what is termed the extension edge zone or the corresponding portionof main body panel, or both. For this purpose a pair of glue wheels Mahaving properly dimensioned and located pads 25 thereon, and receivingglue from the glue rolls 26, are provided.

It will be preferable to provide a heater in the term of bars 21 whichunderlie or overlie, or both, those portions of the blank, at least towhich adhesive isapplied, over which barsthe blank travels as it emergesfrom engagement with the glue wheel pads.

If the operation is to include the folding down and under ortriangularportions on the ends of the sides oi the blank, this operationmay'iollow "the initial adhesive application and is accomplished by twopairs'on each side of the. machine, of driven rollsior wheels, betweenwhich the lateral margins of the ,blank will pass. These wheels aremarked generally as 210. and the upper ones have ribs 2a thereon, whilethe lower ones have pockets 2%; therein, into which the ribs pass as thewheels revolve. The ribs as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 are arranged spirallyon the operation thereon,

ove the flaps to either. out of the way of i'oldstage C o rans n theupper wheels so that pockets in-the lower wheels at least one edge ofwhich pockets are correspondingly sloped or "spiralled, they will definea diagonal told line. The first 'set of the wheels to meet the blankshown in Fig. 11 will turn down the advancing triangular flaps 2c,whereupon these flaps will contact the angling face 29 on the pair ofplates 30, one at eachside, which will told the flaps 2c downwardlytowards the under side of the edges or the blank, the blank rising by apair of overlying plates ti, adjustably held. on a crossbar ti overthetable oi the machine. The margin of the blank will then pass between theplane portions of the next set oi rollers or wheels 21a, which willadditionally secure the folded back position or the flaps to, whereuponthe ribs it will strike the triangular flaps M, Fig. 11, and turn themdownwardly into the pockets in the lower matching wheels of this secondset.

- -The rearward flaps 2d are then swept forwarclly to a positionunderlying the edges of the blank by mechanism described in some detailin,

Serial No.

my said co-pending application,

initial 129,900, this mechanism comprising an being prevented ilrorn onthe second set of wheels flap depressing member and a sweep device, the

" flap depressing members comprise chains 33 hav- 34 thereon timed tocontact ing depressing pins the initially folded down flaps 2d, and pushthem vertically downward. As best seen in Fig. 3 the sweeping mechanismis mounted on a driven vertical shaft db, and consists of a sicklelikesweep it, with a supporting finger in vance of the sweep indicated at371. Located immediately above the point of contact of the sweeps are apair of narrow hold-down bars 38. The result is that the supportingringers M swing underneath the side edge of the blank without contactingthe depressed triangular flaps id, whereupon the sickle-like sweeps titstrike the flaps and moving more rapidly than the blank, fold them underthe margin of the blank being protected against moving either downwardlyor unwardly during this folding operation.

The blank will then have reached stage B or and it will be necessary toing mechanism for the'side panels 2, or to first fold the flaps do,either of which operations require a selection of. laterally extendingflaps. In the practice illustrated principally,

the operation is directed to completing the initial told of the flapsto. Referring to Figs. 8 and i the first thing which takes place is thatlingers at mounted on post it at each side or the machine, engage thelaterally projecting side panels 2 without engaging the flaps dc. Hencethe side panels are caused to pass under longitudinally extending barsat, whereas the corner flaps to ride to the top of these bars. Referringnow to Fig. 8 the bars 39 are inwardly curved so as to force each of thecorner flaps to fold over to the top or the blank as the blank. movesalong, thereby causing themv to pass under the lengthwise extensions d2of the members as serving as hold downs. When the entire blank isengaged by the extensions All the blank has progressed to Fig. 11. Thelengthwise extending plates t3 derlie the side panels during theprogress of the blank last described. These plates'rdi are curved tofold the side panels over so that they overlie the carton blank, therods dd having prevented the under-turned flaps 2c, 2d

' ay up to this stage.

turned over against the '(Fig. 10),

In Figs. 5 and d I have illustrated a modified i'orm oi flap separators.Here a hat spring memher a is arranged to lift the flaps to upwardcausing them to ride up over the turn-over plate or bar 33a. The sidewalls 2 will pass beneath the plate 39d due to the hold bars 38a and bwhich prevent the light spring did from lifting the walls. Thereafterthe, side wallsv will be blank by the turn over plates 43 as describedpreviously.

Hold downs it now engage all of the inturned flaps and the blankhasprogressed to stage D whereupon itsdirection oi feed is changed, inthis instance by delivering it to a mechanism which moves the blank atright angles to its formermovement. It is also practical to make a 9d"turn to the blank and still feed it in the same direction, the essentialbeing a change in orientation with respect to the path of travel.

It is important to note that before the blank moves from stage D of thedelivery to the new conveyor mechanism that feeds it at right angles,pressure is applied to bind the adhesive junctures at the lateralextension edges of the blank. This is accomplished by pressure rollers41 (Figs. 8 and 9), which pressure rollers it will be noted engage onlythe extension edge portions of the blank along its sides, andfurthermore said pressure rollers do not engage the extreme edges of thesaid extension edge portions. As already noted in'the particular blank,the result of applying a pressure roller which extends uniformly acrossthe blankwill be to apply no pressure to the extension edge zone becauseof' v the thickness of the various inturned flaps in the middle zone ofthe blank.

Since the adhesive has had some opportunity to dry at this point, and inaddition will preferably have been accelerated in drying by heat or aircurrents the result of this pressure will be to so securely bind thejuncture along the said extension edge zones that the side panels willnot'spring up again.

In the condition then as shown at D 11, the blank is advanced to thesecond stage of operation.

As shown in Fig. 10, the blanks are successive- 1y engaged by a pairofwheels 50, as they leave the main conveyor chain 22, the inwardly foldedportions being kept in place by hold-down strips 5|, extending acrossthe table oi the second half of the mechanism. As the blanks come upagainst the side abutment 52 in the second half of the mechanism, theyare picked up by abutments on a--= air of feed chains 53, which carrythem thi. ugh the glue applying and final folding and pressingoperations. There are hold-down strips 54 extending along above theconveyor chains, which prevent the several inturned portions of theblank from springing upwardly.

Adhesive is next applied to the blank by means of two sets of gluingdevices, one set has pads 55 which are oi! a shape to apply thetriangular pads of glue as at M (Fig. 11); the other which may be .onthe same shaft as pads 56, which supplies the adhesive to the extensionedge zone 3e, (Fig. 11). Adhesive is supplied to these pads from gluerolls 5!, in the usual way, and as before, heater bars BI may overlie orunderlie, or both, the extension edge zone along what are now the sidesin Fig. general or the moving blank.

inwardly and upwardly so as to retain the flaps 3c in their foldedposition against the walls 3. Immediately beneath this curved portion ofthe stripsiM are the regular twist plates 60, (Fig. 2) which engage theentire outstanding free edge of the moving blank and cause it, as itmoves, to fold inwardly to the final position shown at F in Fig. 11.whereupon again the blank encounters a series of narrow pressure rolls41a which engage along the .extensiomedge zone at what is then the sidesof the moving blank. There-may also be a pair of rollers 6| for pressingdown the adhesively joined triangular portions. The blank is thendelivered to any usual stacking device as indicated generally at 62, andthe operation is complete.

vIn Fig. 15 is shown a structure whichcan be inserted between the blankdelivery 2| and the glue wheels permitting the use of a continuous gluewheel for applying the band of adhesive 4. This mechanism is a flapselector consisting of spring fingers 24d which engage and turn the endflaps 30, so that they pass under the laterally projecting bars 24b, thesaid finger 24d not deflecting the projecting side panels of the blank}be cause of support 12 under said panels, but since this support doesnot extend under the end panels 30, these are deflected. While the blankis'being.

fed in this manner, the continuous glue wheel 24f will distribute thebands of glue 4 along the extension edge zone of the blank, there beinga supportilnger 14 projected outwardly from the whereupon the blankmoves through the same 4 stages as described in the first instance.

Another alternative, as explained in connection with Fig. 16, is shownin Fig. 17. Here in stead of deflecting the laterally projecting flaps3c downwardly, they are engaged as a starting operation by means ofguides 249, which turn them upwardly and down over the moving blank.These guides do not contact the main side panels, because the sidepanels are deflected downwardly by deflector plates 24h, which are wideenough spaced to contact the projecting'edges of the side panels, beyondtheedges of the flaps 30. Under such circumstances it is true again thatthe glue wheels 24; can traverse the extension edge zones at the sidesof the blanks, without danger of getting adhesive on the flaps 30. In,the construction of Fig. 16, hold down bars for the flaps 30, after theyhave been turned inwardly, will have to be provided. These are not shownin Fig. 17, but their structure will be readily understood. The blank isthen at the stage A--|.

Thereafter continuous glue wheels 24 will apply adhesive in bands 4along the extension edge zone, which bands 4 as noted, may be eitherjust inside or just outside the score lines In of the blank or both.Thereupon the blank proceeds throughthe stageof turning underthetriangular flaps on the ends of the side panels in the manner alreadydescribed.

There having already been a selection or de-" Q ,19d,l47

oi the sides of the blank and of Figs. 1' and 2. can be made inoperativeby mov-- ing them out of position, along 'with the co-acting partshaving to do with folding the triangular portions, whereupon the machinewill function as has now been. described, except that there be nonecessity for the triangular shaped glue pads in the second stage ofoperations.

Instead of manufacturing the box to shown in Fig. 19, by the originalfolding mechanism just described in connection with Fig. 18, thepocketed rollers may be altered so that instead oi operating blank, Iprovide 'tions extending to. turn under illustrated in Fig. at A, thepockets are in the upper rollers b3, and the projections on the lowerrollers 62. This results in turning the two advancing flaps upwardlyandthe two rearward flaps upwaigdly- Instead of locating the chain 3|with its pin lid above the path of travel of the a chain to with a pin85 located below the path of travel 0! the blank. the sickle like sweepswill-be arranged to operate above the level oi the blink. As a resultthe flaps la, la will be turned to overlie the blank," and since thereare no end flaps to interfere, the twist belts 66 may be. simplyemployed to told in the entire side panels i. This arrangement isillustrated in Fig. 21. g

In the second stage of operation in manuiacturing the box of Fig. 23, asillustrated in Figs. 24 and 25, it is necessary to select the sidepaneiflaps iia from the projecting flaps it then at the sides of the blank.As shown in Fig. 25, lengthwise bars it are located along the sides ofthe machine so as to engage the flaps it and defleet them downwardly,thereupon a set oi bars it which lie just on top of the bar lb, butinwardly therefrom, will engage under the flaps No as the blank movesalong, and said bar it will have a twist portion ll that folds the flapsIla over.

In Fig. 25 the portion ll is cut awe. but it y will be understood thatitextends along so as to serve as a hold down for the turned over flapsa. Di, a glue wheel such as illustrated at it in Fig. 13, will apply thetriangular adhesive spots by means of the plates it, and the lengthwiseextension edge. zones by means of the main body of the wheel, bringingthe blank to the stage E-i. 'li'nereupon by means of twist belts the.projecting lateral flaps it .will be turned over and the blank willincomplete, as in F-i.

In the practice illustrated in Fig. 22, the operation will be asdescribed except that the ribbed and pocketed wheels will be arranged toturn under along a line at right angles to the moving blank instead ofdiagonally to the moving blank.

The gluing operation in therewith if desired. Also so far as is known,no

one has previously'eflected the iniolding of porblank illustrated inFig. 18,

the flaps la in this instance, as

log said corner is in motion.

With the blank in theposition shown at the second stage oi operationwill be alike to that which has been of anyone. previously having 'tionsof said walls laterally from a travelling blank. 1

ing corner flaps articulated thereto, means for moving said blanksalong, and in the course of motion means for making two separate linesof iold defining two exterior edges of the box while the blank is movingparallel to said lines of fold, and means for making six otherindependent lines of fold, while the blank is moving parallel said sixlines of told, tour of said lines of told being'at corners and definingthe interior area of the box, and the other two oi said lines of folddefining the remaining exterior edges of the box.

2. In a machine as-described, means for, moving said blanks along indirection of motion transverse to the walls having corner flapsarticulated thereto, and means for infoldingopposite walls independentlyof means for infoldflaps, the lines on which said opposite walls arefolded being parallel to, but not in alignment corner flaps are .folded.a

with, the lines on which saidalong three separate and distinct lines offold, no

3. In a machine as described, means for moving said blanks along indirection of motion transverse to the walls having corner flapsarticulated thereto, and means for infolding opposite wallsindependently of means for infolding said corner. flaps and securingintermediate panels connecting said walls to corresponding portions ofthe main body panel, while said blank 4. In a machine for making boxesof the character described, means for folding one set of opposite wallsand adhesively uniting the base portions of said walls to correspondingportions of a main body panel, while the blank is moving in a directionparallel said walls, and means for folding the remaining set of oppositewalls and adhesively uniting the base portions of said remaining wallsto corresponding portions of main bodypanei, while the blank is movingin a direction parallel to said remaining walls.

5. In a machine for making boxes of the character described, means forfolding one set of opposite walls and adhesively uniting the baseportions of said walls to corresponding portions of a main body panel,while the blank is moving in a direction parallel said walls, and meansfor folding the remaining set of opposite walls and adhesively unitingthe base portions of said remainingwalls to corresponding portions ofmain body panel, while the blank is moving in a direction parallel tosaid remaining walls and localized pressing means applied to the lappingareas of individual wells where secured, adhesively to the main bodypanel.

d. In a machine for making'boxes of the character described, means .forfolding one set of opposits walls and adhesively uniting the base portocorresponding portions of main body panel, while the blank is moving ina direction parallel to said walls, and means for loldingthe remainingset. of opposite walls and adhesively uniting the base portions of saidremaining walls to corresponding portions of main body panel, while theblank is moving in a direclib till

tion parallel to said remaining walls and localized pressing meansapplied to the lapping areas of individual walls where securedadhesively to the main body part with pressure concentrated within theedges but not on the edges, to avoid splitting of said edges.

7. In a machine for making knocked-down boxes having extending flangesfrom blanks prepared With walls connected to main body panel byintermediate panels, and one pair of opposite walls having corner flapsarticulated thereto and the other pair of opposite walls havingtriangular end portions defined by diagonal lines, means for moving saidblanks singly-in direction parallel to walls having triangular portionsthereon, means for folding said triangular portions reversely to liefolded back upon the outer surface of walls of which they form a part,means for folding said walls inwardly to overlie main body panel, meansfor applying adhesive between connecting panels of said walls andcorresponding portions of main body panel, and means to fold saidcorner, flaps inwardly upon wallsto' which' said flaps are articulated,means for moving the blanks with all folds retained in folded positionparallel tosaid walls having corner flaps articulated thereto, and meansfor folding said walls inwardly, means for applying adhesive betweensaid folded corner flaps andsaid reversely folded triangular por tions,and means for applying adhesive between connecting panels of said wallsand corresponding portions of main body panel.

8. In a machine for making boxes with the outer edges thereof defined bylines of fold'projecting beyond the inner area, means in the courseofmotion to cause folding inwardly of two opposite walls and to secureadhesion between base portions of said Walls and the correspondingportions of the main body panel, means to cause triangular end portionsof said walls to be folded back upon said walls with the inner surfacesof said portions facing upwardly, and means to fold corner flaps ofremaining walls inwardly upon walls to which said corner flaps arearticulated, and means in the'course of further motion to secureadhesion between said folded corner flaps and respective upwardly facingsurfaces of said triangular secure adhesion between remaining walls andcorresponding portions of main body panels.

g 9. In a machine for forming extension ed e boxes in flat knocked-downform, means for feeding the required blanks in cut and scored condition,means for folding and "adhesively securing the side panels of the movingblank at the extension edge zones, and means for applying pressureexclusively to said extension edge zones while the blank is moving.

10. A method of forming boxes of the character described consisting ofselectively folding four panels along lines defining the outer area andfour other panels along lines defining the corners of the inner area ofthe folded box while blank is in motion, the corners of the inner areaof the box being articulated to the ends of panels constituting walls ofthe blank and the four panels defining the outer area being articulatedto the main body of the box by intermediate panels.

11. A method of making boxes in fiat or knocked-down form havingextending edges, consisting in preparing blanks havihg crease lines inportions, and also to the side walls thereof, said crease lines beingparallel to crease lines connecting said walls to base portions of saidfour panels defining the the main body panel with parallel crease linesbetween'the four panels which will form the walls of the box and mainbody panel, moving said blanks along singly parallel to one pair ofopposite walls and while moving applying adhesive to localized areasadjacent said parallel crease lines, thereafter folding said oppositepair of walls on the inner pair of crease lines defining theouter edgesof the main body panel and applying localized pressure substantially toareas defined by said parallel crease lines, thereafter changing theposition of the blank in relation to its direction of travel causing theblank to move parallel to the remaining pair of opposite walls, andwhile moving, the blank repeating the same operation on the remainingpair of walls.

means for folding the remaining panels on said' lines of fold definingthe interior area thereof, and means for pressing folded opposite edgeareas having adhesive therebetween.

13. In a machine of the character described,-

means for providing cut and creased blanks having walls articulated tothe main body by intermediate-panels, two opposite walls having cornerflaps attached thereto, means for moving said blanks along in adirection of motion parallel to the first noted walls, means forapplying adhe-.

sive between intermediate panels to which said walls are articulated andthe main body panels and means thereafter to fold said walls inwardly,and means to apply pressure to secure said intermediate panels tocorresponding portions of the main body panel, means for changing theposition'of the blank in relation to its direction of travel, and meansthereafter to fold corner flaps back uponinfolded walls to which saidflaps are articulated, means for applying adhesive between intermediatepanels of said remaining walls and corresponding portions of main bodypanels, and also between portions of said remaining walls and saidinfolded corner flaps, and means to fold inwardly said remaining wallsand means to apply pressure to secure adhesion between the intermediatepanels and corresponding portions of main body panel, and also betweensaid walls and said corner flaps. 14. In a machine of the characterdescribed for making extension edge boxes, means for moving a blankalong parallel to a pair of opposite walls, said walls being connectedto a main body panel by intermediate panels, means for applying adhesiveadjacent the lines of fold articulating said intermediate panels to saidmain body panel, means for folding said walls inwardly along said linesof fold and means for applying pressure selectively without bearing onsaid lines of fold to secure adhesion of said intermediate panels to themain body panel.

15. Ina machine for making boxes in fiat or knocked-down form means formoving along a two pairs of opposite panels being articulated to wallsof theblank, and the remaining pair or.

said walls, and remaining folds v i V 2,125,141

oppoflte panels being articulated to the main body panel, means forfolding saidlast named pair of panels omlines defining an outer area ofthe blank, and means for folding the other two pairs of panels on linesdefining the interior area of the blank. I

16. In a machine of the character described for making boxes withextending edges, adapted to instant erection, means for making tendistinct folds while the blank is traveling in the direction ofmotion'parallel to two opposite walls, four of said folds being alongangular lines defined in being parallel to the direction of motion, fourof said folds being at the corners, and the remaining two of said foldsbeing at the edges alignment with said lines of fold at the edges of themain body panel.

17. In a machine of the character described for making boxes withextending edges, adapted to instant erection, folds while the blank istraveling in the direction of motion parallel to two opposite walls,four of said folds being along angular lines defined in said walls, andthe remaining folds being parallel to the direction of motion, four ofsaid folds being at the corners, and the remaining two of said foldsbeing at the edges of the main body panel,

the said lines of fold-at the corners not being in' Joining position,while joining position.

of the main body panel, the said lines of fold at the corners not beingin means for making ten distinct- 9 alignment with said lines of fold atthe edges of to bring the inner surfaces of the blank into ad- 18. In amachine of the character described.

'means for moving a blank having corner flaps extending from two oppomtewalls, and intermediate panels extending therebetween from the main bodypanel, means for folding said corner flaps inwardly on lines of fold notin alignment with lines of fold of said intermediate panels, and meansfor folding inwardly said intermediate panels and adhesively unitingbase portions thereof to corresponding portions of main body panel.

19; A method of making boxes with extending edges which comprisesproviding cut and creased blanks, moving said blanks along and while inmotion folding inwardly the side walls, adhesive I having been appliedadjacent the lines of fold to secure base portions of said side wallstocor responding portions of the main body panels, and also folding andadhesively securing reversely folded triangular end sections of one pairof opposite walls to corner flaps articulated to the other pair ofopposite walls which are inwardly folded.

Sm BERGS'I'EEN.

